Earth Quakes
Earthquake-like seismic waves can also be caused by explosions underground. These explosions may be set off to break rock while making tunnels for roads, railroads, subways, or mines. These explosions, however, don’t cause very strong seismic waves. You may not even feel them. Sometimes seismic waves occur when the roof or walls of a mine collapse. These can sometimes be felt by people near the mine. The largest underground explosions, from tests of nuclear warheads (bombs), can create seismic waves very much like large earthquakes. This fact has been exploited as a means to enforce the global nuclear test ban, because no nuclear warhead can be detonated on earth without producing such seismic waves. Earthquakes are usually caused when rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault. This sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves that make the ground shake. When two blocks of rock or two plates are rubbing against each other, they stick a little. They don’t just slide smoothly; the rocks catch on each other. The rocks are still pushing against each other, but not moving. After a while, the rocks break because of all the pressure that’s built up. When the rocks break, the earthquake occurs. During the earthquake and afterward, the plates or blocks of rock start moving, and they continue to move until they get stuck again. The spot underground where the rock breaks is called the focus of the earthquake. The place right above the focus (on top of the ground) is called the epicenter of the earthquake.
Are caused by faulting, a sudden lateral or vertical movement of rock along a rupture (break) surface. The surface of the earth is constantly moving slowly. This is the tectonic plate tectonics – the movement of a huge rigid sheet at the Earth’s surface in response to the flow of rocks within the Earth. The plates cover the entire surface of the world. Because they are moving, they rub in some places Submerged under each other in such places, the movement was not smooth
If you are indoors, stay there. Quickly move to a safe location in the room such as under a strong desk, a strong table, or along an interior wall. The goal is to protect yourself from falling objects and be located near the structural strong points of the room. Avoid taking cover near windows, large mirrors, hanging objects, heavy furniture, heavy appliances, or fireplaces.
Ground cracking is another important impact of earthquakes that occur when the movement of earthquakes according to irregularities causes the earth’s surface to break. While the cracking of the active ground is quite rare Disintegration causes problems with humans by well breaking things; Pipes, tunnels, drains, railways, roads and airport runways that cross areas of active cracking can be destroyed or severely damaged.
Now, with all these types of major damage, people often ascribe malevolence to earthquakes. Please keep in mind: not a single person has ever been killed directly by an earthquake. It is the fact that we humans persist in building things which are prone to failure in earthquakes, and then living in and around these buildings, that results in deaths during earthquakes. Earthquakes are mindless natural phenomena; we aren’t.
Referent :
http://www.geo.mtu.edu/UPSeis/why.html
https://topex.ucsd.edu/es10/es10.1997/lectures/lecture20/secs.with.pics/node10.html
Rapeepat Sompreda 61107330 Sec.31
Forest fire.
Meaning of wild fire Wild fire means fire caused by any reason. And can spread in the forest Independently without control No matter how the fire will spread in the natural forest or forest Forest fire elements Forest fires can occur. There must be three important factors together. Is heat Oxygen gas And fuel Will be able to fire If lacking anything Will not be able to happen at all These three elements are called “Fire Triangle”. If one of the components is missing The fire will not happen.
Type of forest fire Type of forest fire The forest fire can be divided into 3 types according to the nature of the fuel. Which is burned as follows
Underground fire is the fire that burns the organic matter and decays and is decaying over The soil surface in the forest, perhaps, this fire burns the roots. This fire looks like a Krk model, slowly burning. No flame to see With a little smoke Or none This type of fire occurs after the surface of the fire. And the intensity of the fire is low
The surface of the fire is the fire that burns the remains of the plants and the result that falls on the surface of the soil, namely wood chips, wood, downstream plants, including grasses, shrubs and lace.
The canopy light is a fire that burns the canopy of trees. And spread from one canopy to the house One of these types of lights is very violent. Will occur with a group of very dense trees
ฺฺ Be careful of the fire . It is very violent . When the fire happening , It without control and everything will be destroy and burn even the forest. The fire can be happen every time , we must to look after the forest.
Referent :
https://sites.google.com/site/naturaldanger245/home/fi-pa
Araya Wagchalikanon 61114179 sec. 31
Flooding
Floods are threats and dangers caused by floods or flash floods. Caused by heavy rain or prolonged rain, such as the storms, tropical storms, dust storms and low pressure.
The nature of the flood is severe. And different styles depending on the terrain And the environment of each area, such as Pa Pa Lai Nam Or sudden flood Usually occurs in low plains or lowlands near the upstream mountains Occur due to heavy rain over the mountains for a long time Causing the amount of accumulated water to be large until the ground And the tree absorbs, cannot flow into the low plains Quickly below With a certain level of destructive power That causes damage to houses And may cause life threatening.
When flooding, danger and damage occur Flooding houses Construction and public places Which will cause considerable economic damage Unhealthy houses or buildings will be destroyed by distant currents. People and animals, vehicles and pets may be fatal from drowning.
Public utility system Will receive damages such as telephone, telegraph, electricity and water supply, etc. The agricultural and livestock areas will be damaged, such as all kinds of crops, crops that are blossoming. May be flooded, dead, vehicles, cattle, cattle, as well as hoarding products Or intended for breeding to be damaged Indirect damage Will affect the economy in general, causing epidemics, mental deterioration And lose security.
Prevention of flooding from natural disasters, design of various building structures to be higher than the level that has already flooded, such as Thai high-rise houses, bringing sand bags to the dam.
To prevent flooding, forecasting and flood disaster preparation In order for people to be informed in advance in order to prepare, protect, obey strict warnings, prepare batteries using batteries In order to follow up with the weather news report from the Meteorological Department, prepare batteries, batteries and candles for use when the power goes out and this is a natural disaster that we cannot trust.
Referent :
https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1
Wilawan Phengsakun 61108148 sec.31
The Storm
The storm is a disturbing atmosphere in any environment, especially that affects the Earth’s surface. And indicates severe weather When talking about the severity of the storm There are some important factors: Speed near the center Which may be as high as 400 km / h. The speed of movement Storm direction And the size, width or diameter of the storm Which tells the area where the damage will be covered The severity of the storm will have a measure of severity similar to the Richter scale of earthquake measurements Often increasing speed with the emergence of everywhere around the world, spread through the input device from the authority to order the construction of infrastructure materials to destroy the point The occurrence of a storm will cause the pressure in the air to be lower than in the area around one area, with high air pressure occurring around that area. The combination of the various forces causes the wind to cause The movement of the stormy deformation of the cloud, such as the condition called cumulonimbus, which is in the form of a dense black cloud filled with electric charges that cause thunderstorms. Which the low air pressure may be caused by a small point in any area caused by hot air floating down from the ground Resulting in minor turbulence such as dust devils or whirlwinds Storm type
*Blizzard – causing a lot of snow Until he could not see the way forward The result is almost zero vision. With a strong wind of at least 35 miles per hour (56 km / h) and has a long impact
* Dust storm – caused by a situation in which the wind blows sand or soil in large quantities There is a significant impact to reduce visibility. * Gale – Strong winds with a speed of 34-48 knots (39–55 mph or 63–90 km / h) * Hailstorm – a storm It is a phenomenon that causes a lot of hail falling from the sky.
* A thunderstorm – a type of storm that is characterized by phenomena from the effects of light and sound on the Earth’s atmosphere Known as thunder * Tornado – a storm caused by air rotation Can occur in many ways The most common characteristic is the cone shape. With the tip of the base pointing down to the ground * Tropical cyclone – is a rapidly rotating storm system Have characteristics including Low air pressure center Low-level atmospheric circulation with gusts and the sort of spiral thunderstorms that cause heavy rain.
* Tropical cyclone (extratropical cyclone) is a low pressure area which propels the air in most parts of the world together with the cyclone in the high latitude. Tropical cyclone can cause cloudy sky and rain.
Referent • Lan Rohr, near danger (Go Facts Disaster: Wild Weather), 2009. ISBN 9789743123610.
Natnaree Thadwong 61102786 sec. 31
Global warming
What is global warming?
Global warming is when the earth heats up (the temperature rises). It happens when greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrous oxide, and methane) trap heat and light from the sun in the earth’s atmosphere, which increases the temperature. This hurts many people, animals, and plants. Many cannot take the change, so they die.
What is the greenhouse effect?
The greenhouse effect is when the temperature rises because the sun’s heat and light is trapped in the earth’s atmosphere. This is like when heat is trapped in a car. On a very hot day, the car gets hotter when it is out in the parking lot. This is because the heat and light from the sun can get into the car, by going through the windows, but it can’t get back out. This is what the greenhouse effect does to the earth. The heat and light can get through the atmosphere, but it can’t get out. As a result, the temperature rises.
Sometimes the temperature can change in a way that helps us. The greenhouse effect makes the earth appropriate for people to live on. Without it, the earth would be freezing, or on the other hand it would be burning hot. It would be freezing at night because the sun would be down. We would not get the sun’s heat and light to make the night somewhat warm. During the day, especially during the summer, it would be burning because the sun would be up with no atmosphere to filter it, so people, plants, and animals would be exposed to all the light and heat.
Although the greenhouse effect makes the earth able to have people living on it, if there gets to be too many gases, the earth can get unusually warmer, and many plants, animals, and people will die. They would die because there would be less food (plants like corn, wheat, and other vegetables and fruits). This would happen because the plants would not be able to take the heat.
This would cause us to have less food to eat, but it would also limit the food that animals have. With less food, gradually, people, plants, and animals would all die of hunger.
Referent :
Supitcha Rattanachu 61109468 sec.31
Natural world 